Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	22
Number of observations	41533
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	7.0 MiB
Average record size in memory	176.0 B

Variable types

NUM	11
BOOL	6
CAT	5

Warnings

`city_name` has a high cardinality: 1047 distinct values	High cardinality
`region` is highly correlated with `province`	High correlation
`province` is highly correlated with `region`	High correlation
`house_area` is highly skewed (γ1 = 121.9365874)	Skewed
`garden_area` is highly skewed (γ1 = 108.5190241)	Skewed
`surface_of_the_land` is highly skewed (γ1 = 53.81642955)	Skewed
`Unnamed: 0` has unique values	Unique
`terrace_area` has 25193 (60.7%) zeros	Zeros
`garden_area` has 33596 (80.9%) zeros	Zeros
`surface_of_the_land` has 21205 (51.1%) zeros	Zeros
`number_of_facades` has 10404 (25.0%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-09-17 22:09:15.588396
Analysis finished	2020-09-17 22:09:45.401536
Duration	29.81 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.9.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

Unnamed: 0
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

UNIQUE

Distinct	41533
Distinct (%)	100.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	25731.71478
Minimum	0
Maximum	52075
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	2537.6
Q1	12558
median	25529
Q3	38774
95-th percentile	49447.4
Maximum	52075
Range	52075
Interquartile range (IQR)	26216

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	15100.07888
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5868275399
Kurtosis	-1.209303272
Mean	25731.71478
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13126
Skewness	0.02404907666
Sum	1068715310
Variance	228012382.2
Monotocity	Strictly increasing

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2047	1	< 0.1%
50610	1	< 0.1%
15821	1	< 0.1%
13772	1	< 0.1%
3531	1	< 0.1%
1482	1	< 0.1%
7625	1	< 0.1%
5576	1	< 0.1%
26054	1	< 0.1%
30148	1	< 0.1%
Other values (41523)	41523	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
1	1	< 0.1%
3	1	< 0.1%
4	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
52075	1	< 0.1%
52073	1	< 0.1%
52072	1	< 0.1%
52071	1	< 0.1%
52070	1	< 0.1%

postal_code
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1058
Distinct (%)	2.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	5173.781475
Minimum	1000
Maximum	9992
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1000
5-th percentile	1080
Q1	2322
median	4620
Q3	8380
95-th percentile	9402
Maximum	9992
Range	8992
Interquartile range (IQR)	6058

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2977.364009
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5754715431
Kurtosis	-1.511348912
Mean	5173.781475
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2835
Skewness	0.09705636893
Sum	214882666
Variance	8864696.443
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8300	757	1.8%
8400	705	1.7%
9000	652	1.6%
1180	519	1.2%
1000	473	1.1%
8370	452	1.1%
4000	433	1.0%
8670	367	0.9%
1050	345	0.8%
2000	336	0.8%
Other values (1048)	36494	87.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1000	473	1.1%
1020	139	0.3%
1030	333	0.8%
1040	153	0.4%
1050	345	0.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9992	5	< 0.1%
9991	14	< 0.1%
9990	49	0.1%
9988	10	< 0.1%
9982	2	< 0.1%

city_name
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY

Distinct	1047
Distinct (%)	2.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Antwerpen	929
Knokke	757
Oostende	705
Gent	652
Uccle	519
Other values (1042)	37971

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Antwerpen	929	2.2%
Knokke	757	1.8%
Oostende	705	1.7%
Gent	652	1.6%
Uccle	519	1.2%
Bruxelles	473	1.1%
Uitkerke	452	1.1%
Glain	433	1.0%
Wulpen	367	0.9%
Ixelles	345	0.8%
Other values (1037)	35901	86.4%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	84 ?
Unique (%)	0.2%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	30
Median length	8
Mean length	8.570413888
Min length	2

type_of_property
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

0	22294
1	19239

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	22294	53.7%
1	19239	46.3%

subtype_of_property
Categorical

Distinct	22
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

house	16596
apartment	15251
villa	2374
duplex	1274
ground floor	1093
Other values (17)	4945

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
house	16596	40.0%
apartment	15251	36.7%
villa	2374	5.7%
duplex	1274	3.1%
ground floor	1093	2.6%
penthouse	823	2.0%
apartment block	724	1.7%
mixed use building	679	1.6%
mansion	393	0.9%
exceptional property	381	0.9%
Other values (12)	1945	4.7%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	20
Median length	7
Mean length	7.527147088
Min length	3

price
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	3535
Distinct (%)	8.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	315395.0649
Minimum	2500
Maximum	950000
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2500
5-th percentile	120000
Q1	199000
median	275000
Q3	380000
95-th percentile	689000
Maximum	950000
Range	947500
Interquartile range (IQR)	181000

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	169480.0016
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5373578107
Kurtosis	1.884328684
Mean	315395.0649
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	85000
Skewness	1.362081539
Sum	1.309930323e+10
Variance	2.872347093e+10
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
249000	570	1.4%
199000	562	1.4%
299000	560	1.3%
295000	540	1.3%
225000	534	1.3%
275000	527	1.3%
325000	439	1.1%
235000	428	1.0%
175000	428	1.0%
395000	424	1.0%
Other values (3525)	36521	87.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2500	3	< 0.1%
6600	1	< 0.1%
8160	1	< 0.1%
9999	1	< 0.1%
10000	4	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
950000	76	0.2%
949000	9	< 0.1%
948000	2	< 0.1%
947000	3	< 0.1%
945000	36	0.1%

number_of_rooms
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	22
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.848168926
Minimum	1
Maximum	30
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	3
Q3	3
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	30
Range	29
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.360592664
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4777078534
Kurtosis	21.51819673
Mean	2.848168926
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	2.504196405
Sum	118293
Variance	1.851212396
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=22)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	14062	33.9%
3	13563	32.7%
4	5935	14.3%
1	4314	10.4%
5	2148	5.2%
6	888	2.1%
7	278	0.7%
8	144	0.3%
9	62	0.1%
10	57	0.1%
Other values (12)	82	0.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4314	10.4%
2	14062	33.9%
3	13563	32.7%
4	5935	14.3%
5	2148	5.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
30	2	< 0.1%
24	2	< 0.1%
23	1	< 0.1%
22	1	< 0.1%
20	2	< 0.1%

house_area
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

SKEWED

Distinct	677
Distinct (%)	1.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	155.1154022
Minimum	1
Maximum	31700
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	60
Q1	92
median	130
Q3	187
95-th percentile	330
Maximum	31700
Range	31699
Interquartile range (IQR)	95

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	184.0280121
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.186394191
Kurtosis	20792.6004
Mean	155.1154022
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	43
Skewness	121.9365874
Sum	6442408
Variance	33866.30925
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
90	906	2.2%
120	897	2.2%
100	888	2.1%
150	835	2.0%
140	768	1.8%
80	750	1.8%
110	713	1.7%
200	711	1.7%
160	695	1.7%
130	672	1.6%
Other values (667)	33698	81.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4	< 0.1%
5	3	< 0.1%
11	1	< 0.1%
13	2	< 0.1%
14	2	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
31700	1	< 0.1%
3560	1	< 0.1%
2400	1	< 0.1%
2019	1	< 0.1%
1700	1	< 0.1%

fully_equipped_kitchen
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

1	28961
0	12572

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	28961	69.7%
0	12572	30.3%

open_fire
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

0	39340
1	2193

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	39340	94.7%
1	2193	5.3%

terrace
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

1	25588
0	15945

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	25588	61.6%
0	15945	38.4%

terrace_area
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	183
Distinct (%)	0.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	9.383381889
Minimum	0
Maximum	1150
Zeros	25193
Zeros (%)	60.7%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	12
95-th percentile	42
Maximum	1150
Range	1150
Interquartile range (IQR)	12

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	22.41383944
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.388673903
Kurtosis	392.0609731
Mean	9.383381889
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	12.43972243
Sum	389720
Variance	502.3801986
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	25193	60.7%
10	1002	2.4%
20	959	2.3%
15	782	1.9%
12	736	1.8%
6	706	1.7%
8	701	1.7%
30	654	1.6%
25	583	1.4%
9	555	1.3%
Other values (173)	9662	23.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	25193	60.7%
1	72	0.2%
2	278	0.7%
3	353	0.8%
4	518	1.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1150	1	< 0.1%
1020	1	< 0.1%
761	1	< 0.1%
708	1	< 0.1%
600	2	< 0.1%

garden
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

0	28250
1	13283

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	28250	68.0%
1	13283	32.0%

garden_area
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

SKEWED
ZEROS

Distinct	1155
Distinct (%)	2.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	135.9679773
Minimum	0
Maximum	312600
Zeros	33596
Zeros (%)	80.9%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	500
Maximum	312600
Range	312600
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1947.680351
Coefficient of variation (CV)	14.32455193
Kurtosis	16252.3201
Mean	135.9679773
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	108.5190241
Sum	5647158
Variance	3793458.75
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	33596	80.9%
100	243	0.6%
200	214	0.5%
50	167	0.4%
300	165	0.4%
150	156	0.4%
60	135	0.3%
400	134	0.3%
500	124	0.3%
30	123	0.3%
Other values (1145)	6476	15.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	33596	80.9%
1	61	0.1%
2	4	< 0.1%
3	3	< 0.1%
4	7	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
312600	1	< 0.1%
88800	1	< 0.1%
85000	1	< 0.1%
63000	1	< 0.1%
58000	1	< 0.1%

surface_of_the_land
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

SKEWED
ZEROS

Distinct	2963
Distinct (%)	7.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	537.4441047
Minimum	0
Maximum	400000
Zeros	21205
Zeros (%)	51.1%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	406
95-th percentile	1811.4
Maximum	400000
Range	400000
Interquartile range (IQR)	406

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3561.331513
Coefficient of variation (CV)	6.626422137
Kurtosis	4785.302185
Mean	537.4441047
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	53.81642955
Sum	22321666
Variance	12683082.14
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	21205	51.1%
150	183	0.4%
200	170	0.4%
100	164	0.4%
250	154	0.4%
300	151	0.4%
1000	146	0.4%
120	141	0.3%
400	122	0.3%
600	118	0.3%
Other values (2953)	18979	45.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	21205	51.1%
1	23	0.1%
2	2	< 0.1%
4	1	< 0.1%
5	3	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
400000	1	< 0.1%
264781	1	< 0.1%
120300	1	< 0.1%
120000	2	< 0.1%
117800	1	< 0.1%

number_of_facades
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	5
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.064406616
Minimum	0
Maximum	4
Zeros	10404
Zeros (%)	25.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	2
Q3	3
95-th percentile	4
Maximum	4
Range	4
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.40590375
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6810207538
Kurtosis	-1.089578788
Mean	2.064406616
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	-0.2304527708
Sum	85741
Variance	1.976565354
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=5)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	14995	36.1%
0	10404	25.0%
4	8171	19.7%
3	7552	18.2%
1	411	1.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	10404	25.0%
1	411	1.0%
2	14995	36.1%
3	7552	18.2%
4	8171	19.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	8171	19.7%
3	7552	18.2%
2	14995	36.1%
1	411	1.0%
0	10404	25.0%

swimming_pool
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

0	40829
1	704

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	40829	98.3%
1	704	1.7%

state_of_the_building
Categorical

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

as new	12312
good	11341
None	10060
to be done up	2916
to renovate	2531
Other values (2)	2373

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
as new	12312	29.6%
good	11341	27.3%
None	10060	24.2%
to be done up	2916	7.0%
to renovate	2531	6.1%
just renovated	2226	5.4%
to restore	147	0.4%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	14
Median length	4
Mean length	6.208532974
Min length	4

lattitude
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1052
Distinct (%)	2.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	4.318006792
Minimum	2.580669689
Maximum	6.3009381
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2.580669689
5-th percentile	2.9203275
Q1	3.7463234
median	4.3667216
Q3	4.849314652
95-th percentile	5.622980506
Maximum	6.3009381
Range	3.720268411
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.102991252

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.8096614069
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1875081365
Kurtosis	-0.6412711046
Mean	4.318006792
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.5585481
Skewness	-0.07791596416
Sum	179339.7761
Variance	0.6555515938
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4.3997081	929	2.2%
3.323373861	757	1.8%
2.9203275	705	1.7%
3.7141549	652	1.6%
4.3372348	519	1.2%
4.351697	473	1.1%
3.14048681	452	1.1%
5.541864	433	1.0%
2.707311916	367	0.9%
4.3815707	345	0.8%
Other values (1042)	35901	86.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.580669689	238	0.6%
2.6262588	7	< 0.1%
2.64344877	44	0.1%
2.644911715	2	< 0.1%
2.673321	8	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6.3009381	2	< 0.1%
6.2642498	1	< 0.1%
6.257827	8	< 0.1%
6.2053573	5	< 0.1%
6.1884932	3	< 0.1%

longitude
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1052
Distinct (%)	2.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	50.85129752
Minimum	49.5085018
Maximum	51.4743516
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	49.5085018
5-th percentile	50.3102184
Q1	50.666357
median	50.8695429
Q3	51.09779175
95-th percentile	51.2996935
Maximum	51.4743516
Range	1.9658498
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.43143475

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.3259065571
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.006409011627
Kurtosis	1.455878902
Mean	50.85129752
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.2213379
Skewness	-0.9548716278
Sum	2112006.94
Variance	0.106215084
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
51.2211097	929	2.2%
51.34942965	757	1.8%
51.2303177	705	1.7%
51.0397129	652	1.6%
50.8018201	519	1.2%
50.8465573	473	1.1%
51.2996935	452	1.1%
50.648205	433	1.0%
51.09779175	367	0.9%
50.8222854	345	0.8%
Other values (1042)	35901	86.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
49.5085018	11	< 0.1%
49.5577562	11	< 0.1%
49.5580794	14	< 0.1%
49.5581925	2	< 0.1%
49.5642065	17	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
51.4743516	34	0.1%
51.4677957	10	< 0.1%
51.46092495	6	< 0.1%
51.45063155	29	0.1%
51.43155825	4	< 0.1%

province
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	11
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Flandre-Occidentale	7322
Anvers	5455
Flandre-Orientale	5204
Hainaut	4287
Liège	4133
Other values (6)	15132

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Flandre-Occidentale	7322	17.6%
Anvers	5455	13.1%
Flandre-Orientale	5204	12.5%
Hainaut	4287	10.3%
Liège	4133	10.0%
Bruxelles-Capitale	4087	9.8%
Brabant flamand	3845	9.3%
Limbourg	2609	6.3%
Brabant wallon	1796	4.3%
Namur	1620	3.9%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	19
Median length	14
Mean length	12.2335733
Min length	5

region
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	324.5 KiB

Flandre	24435
Wallonie	13011
Bruxelles	4087

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Flandre	24435	58.8%
Wallonie	13011	31.3%
Bruxelles	4087	9.8%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	9
Median length	7
Mean length	7.510076325
Min length	7

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	Unnamed: 0	postal_code	city_name	subtype_of_property	price	number_of_rooms	house_area	fully_equipped_kitchen	open_fire	terrace	terrace_area	garden	garden_area	surface_of_the_land	number_of_facades	state_of_the_building	lattitude	longitude	province	region
0	0	1050	Ixelles	house	340000.0	6	203	1	0	1	0	0	0	95	2	to be done up	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
1	1	1050	Ixelles	mixed use building	520000.0	4	200	0	0	0	0	0	0	69	2	to renovate	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
2	3	1050	Ixelles	house	599000.0	4	160	1	0	1	0	1	55	100	2	to be done up	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
3	4	1050	Ixelles	house	599000.0	3	160	1	0	1	15	1	60	130	2	good	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
4	5	1050	Ixelles	house	575000.0	3	171	0	0	0	0	0	0	46	2	just renovated	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
5	6	1050	Ixelles	house	590000.0	4	225	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	to renovate	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
6	7	1050	Ixelles	house	575000.0	4	209	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	None	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
7	8	1050	Ixelles	other property	595000.0	1	195	1	1	1	0	1	0	617	4	as new	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
8	9	1050	Ixelles	house	595777.0	4	250	0	0	0	0	0	0	70	2	None	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles
9	11	1050	Ixelles	house	650000.0	6	250	1	0	0	0	0	0	60	2	good	4.381571	50.822285	Bruxelles-Capitale	Bruxelles

Last rows

	Unnamed: 0	postal_code	city_name	subtype_of_property	price	number_of_rooms	house_area	fully_equipped_kitchen	open_fire	terrace	terrace_area	garden	garden_area	surface_of_the_land	number_of_facades	swimming_pool	state_of_the_building	lattitude	longitude	province	region
41523	52063	4342	Hognoul	house	399000.0	4	180	1	1	1	25	1	570	680	3	0	as new	5.455639	50.680810	Liège	Wallonie
41524	52064	4342	Hognoul	house	425000.0	3	315	1	0	1	124	1	250	0	3	0	None	5.455639	50.680810	Liège	Wallonie
41525	52065	7743	Obigies	villa	390000.0	4	340	1	1	0	0	1	1500	2164	4	0	None	3.364281	50.662055	Hainaut	Wallonie
41526	52067	3050	Oud-Heverlee	house	420000.0	5	185	0	0	0	0	1	0	465	0	0	to be done up	4.667897	50.821768	Brabant flamand	Flandre
41527	52068	3050	Oud-Heverlee	house	435000.0	4	234	1	0	1	20	0	0	0	3	0	as new	4.667897	50.821768	Brabant flamand	Flandre
41528	52070	1472	Vieux-Genappe	villa	475000.0	5	216	1	1	0	0	0	0	1550	4	1	as new	4.401503	50.629025	Brabant wallon	Wallonie
41529	52071	1472	Vieux-Genappe	villa	475000.0	5	215	1	0	1	0	0	0	1550	0	1	good	4.401503	50.629025	Brabant wallon	Wallonie
41530	52072	1461	Haut-Ittre	villa	499000.0	5	275	1	0	1	0	1	0	1561	4	0	None	4.296472	50.648804	Brabant wallon	Wallonie
41531	52073	1761	Borchtlombeek	villa	495000.0	4	235	1	0	0	0	1	0	488	4	0	None	4.136915	50.848178	Brabant flamand	Flandre
41532	52075	3381	Kapellen	house	485000.0	3	220	0	0	1	19	0	0	1019	4	0	good	4.960878	50.887345	Brabant flamand	Flandre

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Cramér's V (φc)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows